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Linux Analysis Report
oAmVhEJ2DX.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample Name:	oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
Analysis ID:	756338
MD5:	a859b9d679202f8a6f6aa780e261a7ef
SHA1:	b394950777c94590e276090616350fd1cdd6f062
SHA256:	1cc0c5e3de649933ecd6f15c258843bcb251567fb5bb90ba80fcf3ee528e3200
Tags:	32armelfmirai
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	68
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Yara detected Mirai

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample is packed with UPX

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Yara signature match

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Classification

Analysis Advice

Static ELF header machine description suggests that the sample might not execute correctly on this machine.

Exit code information suggests that the sample terminated abnormally, try to lookup the sample's target architecture.

All HTTP servers contacted by the sample do not answer. The sample is likely an old dropper which does no longer work.

Non-zero exit code suggests an error during the execution. Lookup the error code for hints.

Static ELF header machine description suggests that the sample might only run correctly on MIPS or ARM architectures.

General Information

Joe Sandbox Version:	36.0.0 Rainbow Opal
Analysis ID:	756338
Start date and time:	2022-11-30 02:06:54 +01:00
Joe Sandbox Product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 5m 0s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	light
Sample file name:	oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
PID:	6230
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

oAmVhEJ2DX.elf (PID: 6230, Parent: 6125, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c	unknown	unknown	0xed00:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed14:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed28:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed3c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed50:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed64:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed78:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xed8c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xeda0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xedb4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xedc8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xeddc:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xedf0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee04:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee18:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee2c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee40:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee54:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee68:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee7c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0xee90:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8	unknown	unknown	0xf258:$a: 53 65 6C 66 20 52 65 70 20 46 75 63 6B 69 6E 67 20 4E 65 54 69 53 20 61 6E 64

Snort Signatures

⊘No Snort rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 43%
Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 41%			Perma Link

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43

Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c Author: unknown
Source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 Author: unknown

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x8000

Source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = a2c6beaec18ca876e8487c11bcc7a29279669588aacb7d3027d8d8df8f5bcead, id = 28a2fe0c-eed5-4c79-81e6-3b11b73a4ebd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = aa4aee9f3d6bedd8234eaf8778895a0f5d71c42b21f2a428f01f121e85704e8e, id = ea92cca8-bba7-4a1c-9b88-a2d051ad0021, last_modified = 2021-09-16

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.94 Copyright (C) 1996-2017 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9425 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf (PID: 6230)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf, 6230.1.000055f73da33000.000055f73dbe1000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf, 6230.1.00007ffd8cc21000.00007ffd8cc42000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf, 6230.1.000055f73da33000.000055f73dbe1000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf, 6230.1.00007ffd8cc21000.00007ffd8cc42000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf, 6230.1.00007ffd8cc21000.00007ffd8cc42000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: 6230.1.00007f1028017000.00007f1028027000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Exfiltration	Command and Control	Network Effects	Remote Service Effects	Impact
Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	1 Encrypted Channel	Eavesdrop on Insecure Network Communication	Remotely Track Device Without Authorization	Modify System Partition
Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exploit SS7 to Redirect Phone Calls/SMS	Remotely Wipe Data Without Authorization	Device Lockout

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
oAmVhEJ2DX.elf	44%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
oAmVhEJ2DX.elf	42%	Virustotal		Browse

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	oAmVhEJ2DX.elf	false		high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

⊘No context

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

⊘No context

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.939002089796313
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
File size:	27300
MD5:	a859b9d679202f8a6f6aa780e261a7ef
SHA1:	b394950777c94590e276090616350fd1cdd6f062
SHA256:	1cc0c5e3de649933ecd6f15c258843bcb251567fb5bb90ba80fcf3ee528e3200
SHA512:	83196f3d4606840d4eb3fdf6e7cd9cd1cd45addda7753d8d681acf1ea1e85f893cbf588e41ed4e648f2fe75c0fc5db9b3ae43fcf045b388578d6a1f2cdff00ce
SSDEEP:	768:JMKyhegCCMqfizjoNpd2vJdX6vwrTF9q3UELuE:OKy4qfqoeJdXWgULJ
TLSH:	71C2D0E07726FA31C520AC3DE52B4C893A51067C91FF393764258D358FC2A9B66E84E9
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.........4...........4. ...(.....................ui..ui...............(...(...(..................Q.td...............................OUPX!........0...0.......S..........?.E.h;....#..$..1)...o....+d....8~Vg.[...{...@..(....PPG.....es^.X..

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:
Data:
Version:
Machine:
Version Number:
Type:
OS/ABI:
ABI Version:
Entry Point Address:
Flags:
ELF Header Size:
Program Header Offset:
Program Header Size:
Number of Program Headers:
Section Header Offset:
Section Header Size:
Number of Section Headers:
Header String Table Index:

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x6975	0x6975	7.9425	0x5	R E	0x8000
LOAD	0x28c4	0x228c4	0x228c4	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x8000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Nov 30, 2022 02:07:42.699856997 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Nov 30, 2022 02:07:42.699878931 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Nov 30, 2022 02:07:58.315213919 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Nov 30, 2022 02:08:08.554578066 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Nov 30, 2022 02:08:12.650494099 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Nov 30, 2022 02:08:39.272994995 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Nov 30, 2022 02:08:59.751851082 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43

System Behavior

Analysis Process: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf PID: 6230, Parent PID: 6125

General

Start time:	02:07:38
Start date:	30/11/2022
Path:	/tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/oAmVhEJ2DX.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Binary file metadata, Email gateway, Environment variable, File monitoring, Malware reverse engineering, Network intrusion detection system, Network protocol analysis, Process command-line parameters, Process monitoring, Process use of network, SSL/TLS inspection, Windows event logs
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	AWS CloudTrail logs, Azure activity logs, File monitoring, Process command-line parameters, Process monitoring, Stackdriver logs
Platforms:	AWS, Azure, Azure AD, GCP, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Malware reverse engineering, Netflow/Enclave netflow, Packet capture, Process monitoring, Process use of network, SSL/TLS inspection
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	DNS records, Netflow/Enclave netflow, Network protocol analysis, Packet capture, Process monitoring, Process use of network
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report oAmVhEJ2DX.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

Analysis Advice

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Snort Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: oAmVhEJ2DX.elf PID: 6230, Parent PID: 6125

General

Linux Analysis Report
oAmVhEJ2DX.elf